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The map shows that where eutrophication is a problem (especially Baltic Sea, North Sea and Adriatic Sea), the state of pelagic habitats is either poor or at best medium. Other areas generally show good or even high state. This is mainly based on direct effects indicators for eutrophication with a few localised plankton diversity indicators. Other phytoplankton indices are in development by OSPAR e.g. life-form pairs (abundance and distribution of key trophic planktonic groups) but thresholds have yet to be agreed. HELCOM is also trialing similar indicators with a diatom/dinoflagellate index. More of these are needed however for wider seas coverage.<\/SPAN><\/P>

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The BEAT+ tool integrates data from normalised indicators to identify worst case status measures for different biodiversity components. The results are then linked to a standard gridE based Spatial Assessment Unit (SAU) which is used both for biodiversity and for pressures assessments (Andersen et al., 2014).<\/SPAN><\/P>

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These grid-­based SAUs not only allow alignment of indicators for biodiversity and for pressures but provide a means for combining large assessment areas (e.g. for wide\u2010ranging species) with point data collected from biological surveys e.g. WFD monitoring.<\/SPAN><\/P>

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BEAT+ tool works by calculating a Biological Quality Ratio (BQR) which is an aggregated score of indicator outcomes within a grid square. To allow objective comparison, the indicator outcomes are normalised to a scale of 0 to 1, with five status classes at equal intervals on that scale (from Bad starting at 0, Poor at 0.2, Medium at 0.4, Good at 0.6 and High at 0.8). By this means, indicators based on different biological criteria can be aggregated in a consistent way.<\/SPAN><\/P>

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